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Cos’è lo yoga

Cos’è lo yoga

Parlando con la gente al bar, al ristorante o dal panettiere mi sono accorto che le idee su cosa veramente sia la Disciplina dello  Yoga sono molto confuse.

Alcuni pensano che lo Yoga sia stare seduti a far niente. Altri dicono che serve a rilassarsi, oppure che è solo per donne in quanto non si fa fatica, oppure che è una religione indiana, oppure che bisogna essere molto elastici e prestanti per farlo o altre fra le idee più strane.

Nulla di tutto questo è in assoluto vero. Yoga significa “Unione”. Unione fra il Corpo, la Mente e lo Spirito. Sono le tre dimensioni che tutti i giorni sperimentiamo nella nostra vita terrena.

Dunque lo yoga permette di Integrare queste nostre tre “dimensioni” in un’ unica unità all’interno della quale dimora il Divino.

Quando si parla di Divino si potrebbe subito pensare ad una delle tante Religioni esistenti al mondo e dirsi: ecco lo Yoga è per gli Induisti o per altre forme di credenze! Ma non è così. Lo Yoga è per tutti, per tutte le razze, religioni, ceti sociali, lavori e ideali di vario tipo. Per tutti la luce Divina è la stessa, ma come un prisma che scompone la luce bianca nei colori dell’arcobaleno, ciascuno di noi ne riflette una parte che rappresenta la propria individualità; ma a generare questa Luce è la medesima Energia Divina.

Detto questo lo Yoga inizia il suo percorso dallo strumento più facile da ascoltare: il corpo. Tramite movimenti armoniosi, Asana (posizioni statiche), stiramenti, flessioni, allungamenti e torsioni si riporta equilibrio in tutti gli apparati, organi e ghiandole interne. Questi movimenti e posizioni richiedono forza, elasticità ed equilibrio. Dunque non è vero che ci  si siede a “far niente” ma si può anche sudare, allenando così anche l’apparato cardiovascolare e respiratorio.

Sarà proprio il respiro ad essere punto focale della pratica: il respiro comanderà tutti i movimenti e non il contrario. Il respiro rappresenta proprio l’unione fra il corpo e la mente e fra la mente e lo spirito.

Tramite le tecniche di Pranayama (Prana = energia – Yama = Controllo) si impara a respirare correttamente e sarà proprio il Prana a sostenere tutti i movimenti permettendo di mantenere a lungo anche posizioni complicate.

Quando la pratica delle Asana (posizioni Yogiche) e il Pranayama hanno raggiunto un certo livello si inizia a portare l’attenzione verso l’interno, cercando di ascoltarsi e rivolgere tutti i sensi verso la propria essenza più intima (questa pratica si chiama Pratyara). Dal Pratyara si cerca di raggiungere una condizione di grande concentrazione (Dharana) che porterà con il tempo e la disciplina alla Meditazione (Dhyana) e , forse, al Samadhi : il famoso stato di illuminazione o beatitudine. In Questo stato di beatitudine si potrà fare esperienza della Luce Divina, ponendosi in un ascolto che trascende ogni tipo di aspetto fisico, energetico ed emozionale.

In realtà tutti questi passi vengono portati avanti contemporaneamente all’interno di ogni singola lezione di Yoga, e sarà il Maestro a dirigere l’allievo in questo percorso così diverso da qualsiasi altra forma di “Sport” o ricerca interiore.

Una ricerca interiore che parte dal corpo, passa attraverso l’energia ed arriva al nocciolo più profondo e nascosto nei nostri cuori: Il Divino che dimora in ciascuno di noi.

Una lezione di Yoga è così organizzata: alcuni minuti all’inizio di calma e tranquillità seduti con le gambe incrociate per rallentare i ritmi della giornata e porsi in una condizione di ascolto ed introspezione. Un riscaldamento di tutte le articolazioni e fasce muscolari di circa 10 minuti.

Quaranta minuti di posizioni Yogiche che verranno costruite piano piano nel rispetto delle possibilità dell’allievo, permettendo di migliorare la forza, la resistenza, l’elasticità e gli equilibri interiori, facendo molta attenzione al respiro e alla concentrazione. Alla fine della lezione si dedica normalmente 15 minuti a tecniche di rilassamento profondo, che insegnano a riportare equilibrio fra il sistema nervoso simpatico e parasimpatico.  Una lezione dovrà essere divertente, ma stimolare anche l’ascolto interiore, sviluppare la forza, ma stimolare l’allungamento muscolare, risvegliare l’umiltà e la disciplina, ma dare importanza alle proprie potenzialità inespresse.

La pratica dello Yoga è consigliata, oltre che per tonificare ed elasticizzare il corpo, migliorare la funzionalità di tutti gli organi interni ed eliminare dolori articolari di vario genere, per stati d’ansia, insonnia, depressione, astenia, debolezza, rigidità articolare e mentale, attacchi di panico e ogni tipo di problematica psicosomatica.

Alla fine di ciascuna lezione un senso di pace interiore, forza, sicurezza di sé, gioia di vivere ed appagamento sono le sensazioni che normalmente tutti gli allievi raccontano di sentire. Il beneficio non si ferma nell’aula, ma continua nella vita di tutti i giorni e non dopo mesi di pratica ma fin dalle prime settimane, senza mai smettere di crescere per farci crescere nel nostro cammino individuale.

E’ bene praticare lo Yoga in un centro specializzato dedicato esclusivamente alla pratica delle discipline interiori, senza essere disturbati da altre attività fisiche più dedicate esclusivamente all’aspetto fisico e muscolare (come accade nelle palestre in genere), in classi formate da pochi allievi (6 o 7 è il numero ideale) in modo che il Maestro possa seguire ciascun allievo nel migliore dei modi, in locali puliti e riscaldati ed infine assicurarsi che il Maestro sia esperto e con molti anni di pratica alle spalle.

Lo Yoga è una scienza esatta, una disciplina che i Rishi (antichi maestri illuminati) ci hanno tramandato per vivere pienamente ed in serenità la nostra esistenza, per ricongiungerci al Divino in questa  bellissima esperienza della nostra vita terrena.

 

Roberto Boschini

Maestro di Yoga e Massaggio Ayurvedico.

Presso il “Centro Yoga Il piccolo Amrit” a Martina Franca.

www.ilpiccoloamrit.it

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